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Head of Unit, Middle East and North Africa Unit

This report summarises the PAVE project’s findings on cumulative extremism in the Western Balkans.

• Year 2022
• Author(s) Sead Turčalo, Jelena Brkić-Šmigoc, Mirza Smajić, Veldin Kadić, Muamer Hirkić, Maja Halilovic Pastuovic, Goran Tepšić, Nemanja Džuverović, Gillian Wylie

Interactions between states and religious institutions in the Western Balkans are intricate and can have an impact on fuelling or preventing violent extremism. Two countries in the Western Balkans were the focus of the PAVE project’s research for this report: Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia.

• Year 2022
• Author(s) Maja Halilovic Pastuovic, Goran Tepšić, Nemanja Džuverović, Sead Turčalo, Jelena Brkić-Šmigoc, Mirza Smajić, Veldin Kadić, Muamer Hirkić, Gillian Wylie

The PAVE research project found that political and religious institutions in the MENA region have played an important role in the rise of violent extremism. Research data from five different field studies produced in Lebanon, Iraq and Tunisia on the topic are compiled in this report.

• Year 2022
• Author(s) Rudayna Al-Baalbaky, Faiza Ayed, Juline Beaujouan, Zouheir Ben Jannet, Sadok Damak, Hmida Ennaifer, Josep García Coll, Samiha Hamdi, Marie Kortam, Hassan Laaguir, Amjed Rasheed, Fethi Rekik, Javier Ruipérez Canales, Mohammed Sharqawi, Maher Zoghlami

This report zooms in on the factors of community vulnerability and community resilience to religiously inspired and ethno-political radicalisation in the Western Balkans, with a focus on Kosovo and North Macedonia.

• Year 2022
• Author(s) Ramadan Ilazi, Ardit Orana, Teuta Avdimetaj, Bledar Feta, Ana Krstinovska, Yorgos Christidis, Ioannis Armakolas

Among four case studies implemented in local communities in Lebanon and Tunisia, two communities were identified as resilient against and two as vulnerable towards violent extremism. This report explains the results of these empirical studies that aimed to investigate the nature of community vulnerability and resilience against violent extremism, both in their offline and online manifestations.

• Year 2022
• Author(s) Faiza Ayed, Lara Azzam, Zouheir Ben Jannet, Sadok Damak, Maria El Sammak, Samiha Hamdi, Fethi Rekik, Youssef Salloum

This report compares findings on cumulative extremisms across six different countries in the Western Balkans and the MENA region. Focusing on Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, North Macedonia, and Serbia, as well as Lebanon and Iraq, it is aimed to create a synthesis of different empirical insights from a set of field-based studies carried out within the context of the PAVE project.

• Year 2022
• Author(s) Isak Svensson, Desirée Nilsson

Socio-political community dynamics in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, as well as Iraq, Lebanon, and Tunisia are impacting violent extremism, while at the same time being impacted by violent extremism. In this report, community vulnerability and resilience against violent extremism are explored by assessing the role of the absence or dysfunctions of state and religious authority figures.

• Year 2022
• Author(s) Marie Kortam

This report provides a synthesis of studies on vulnerability and resilience of communities to religious and ethno-political radicalisation in the Western Balkans and MENA region. It summarises findings relating to trends in ethno-political and religious extremism and online vs. offline dynamics of radicalisation.

• Year 2022

Berghof Foundation and Fight for Humanity, with the support of the German Federal Foreign Office, conducted a participatory research project examining the role that armed and political movements can play to implement UNSCR 1325. The research is based on the experiences of two Ethnic Resistance Organisations (EROs) from Myanmar: the Karenni National Progressive Party (KNPP) and the Karen National Union (KNU). One of the key findings is that the movements do engage with this agenda and have maintained a constant dialogue with women’s organisations in their territories. However, a conservative mindset still exists among parts of the leadership as well the general population. Consequently, measures to protect women in conflict areas are limited and mainly decided on by men, which reduce their effectiveness.

• Year 2022
• Author(s) Zin Mar Phyo, Véronique Dudouet, Ann-Kristin Sjöberg, Tilman Papesch, Katharina Schmitz, Nicolas Sion, Maw Day Myar, Thinzar Linn Htet