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Dealing with the past
Addressing the legacy of a violent past is essential for rebuilding relationships and trust between individuals, communities and states.
Dialogue
A face-to-face interaction between people with different backgrounds, convictions and opinions, in which they respect each other as human beings and are prepared to listen to – and learn from – each other deeply enough to inspire a change of attitudes.
Escalation
A process of conflict intensification usually referring to a social setting. If left unchecked, it may lead to mutually destructive or violent behaviour. Accordingly, de-escalation is a process of conflict mitigation usually referring to a social setting.
Facilitation
The assistance of an accepted “third party” to ease the management of communication and process of dialogue, negotiation or other encounters. Facilitation happens before, during and after meetings.
Human security
A comprehensive, people-centred and prevention-oriented concept that includes protection from threats in the area of economic, food, health, environmental, personal, community and political security.
Inclusivity
The degree of access to important decision-making areas for all levels and sectors of state and society.
Mediation
The invited assistance of a third party to help organise the flow of communication and to support the creation of options between the conflict and negotiation partners, in short a type of 'assisted negotiation'.
Negotiation
Back-and-forth communication designed to reach an agreement in a situation where parties on different sides of the situation in question have a number of interests in common and others that are conflicting.
Non-violence
A philosophy and practice that holds the use of force to be morally and politically illegitimate or counterproductive and strives to find nonviolent expressions of resistance to oppression.
Participation
Involves indirect or direct active engagement by either a group or an individual in a process beyond norms and principles.