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Inclusivity
The degree of access to important decision-making areas for all levels and sectors of state and society.

Mediation
The invited assistance of a third party to help organise the flow of communication and to support the creation of options between the conflict and negotiation partners, in short a type of 'assisted negotiation'.

Negotiation
Back-and-forth communication designed to reach an agreement in a situation where parties on different sides of the situation in question have a number of interests in common and others that are conflicting.

Non-violence
A philosophy and practice that holds the use of force to be morally and politically illegitimate or counterproductive and strives to find nonviolent expressions of resistance to oppression.

Participation
Involves indirect or direct active engagement by either a group or an individual in a process beyond norms and principles.

Peace
A complex, long-term and multi-layered process, in which it is possible to identify steps towards peace and measure the decrease of violence and increase of justice. The multi-layered character of peace means that not only governments but also stakeholders at all levels of societies are responsible for it.

The Berghof Approach: Practice
We engage in hands-on, on-the-ground activities which support conflict transformation in specific countries and regions.

The Berghof Approach: Learning
We develop materials and innovative approaches to promote peace education, foster peer exchange, and offer training to people grappling with conflicts.

The Berghof Approach: Research
We conduct cutting-edge research that enables us to analyse the drivers of conflict, inform policy debates, and collaborate on solutions.

Peace education
The process of acquiring the values and knowledge and developing the attitudes, skills and behaviour to live in harmony with oneself, with others, and with the natural environment. It aims to reduce violence, support the transformation of conflicts, and advance the peace capabilities of individuals, groups, societies and institutions.