Intergenerational perspectives and a resilient social contract for Lebanon’s democratic future

In response to the social, economic, political, and security crises Lebanon faces, the Berghof Foundation in collaboration with and funded by the Westminster Foundation for Democracy are conducting a research project that explores the intergenerational perspectives of Lebanese people regarding the social contract for future generations. The study focuses on their collective aspirations for a new social contract, examining their visions for political, economic, and social reforms, as well as the fundamental rights they consider essential for a sustainable, just, inclusive, and resilient future where the relationship between the state and society is underpinned by trust and participation. By amplifying diverse voices and perspectives, it aims to lay the foundation for a governance model that reflects the lived realities and aspirations of the Lebanese people and to contribute to current debates on reform and policy-making.

The research aims to:

• Examine how different generations perceive the relationship between citizens and the state and between citizens themselves
• Identify shared values and rights essential for Lebanon’s future
• Explore aspirations for political, economic, and social transformation
• Uncover barriers and opportunities for implementing a renewed social contract
• Provide citizen-driven insights to inform inclusive policy dialogues

1. What visions for Lebanon’s future, in terms of political, economic, and social stability, do the different generations articulate, and where do their views align, diverge, or conflict?
2. How do different generations view the relationship between citizens and the state? How do they believe this should work to best serve their needs and interests?
3. What core values, rights, and principles do the different generations consider essential for a sustainable, just, inclusive, and resilient future in Lebanon?
4. What key barriers and opportunities different generations identify as obstacles to implementing a new social contract in Lebanon?

Following a participatory approach, the team is supported by an Advisory Board comprised of eight experts from academia, civil society, and different social and political backgrounds.

To ensure meaningful engagement and broad representation, the project employs a multi-method approach. A nationwide survey will gather quantitative data from 1,100 participants across Lebanon, capturing diverse perspectives by region, confession, age, and gender. In parallel, 40 key informant interviews are being conducted with experts, practitioners, and community leaders to collect qualitative insights on governance, resilience, and reform.

The project is funded by the Westminster Foundation for Democracy and implemented in close collaboration with the Berghof Foundation, specifically its Regional Office in Beirut and the Conflict Transformation Research Department in Berlin. This partnership brings together expertise in participatory research, governance reform, and conflict transformation to explore intergenerational perspectives on Lebanon’s social contract.

An Advisory Board of eight experts from academia, civil society, and diverse political backgrounds supports the project, ensuring inclusivity and relevance throughout its design and implementation.