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All instances of violence are to some extent caused by some form of political, cultural, economic or social exclusion. Consequently, demands for inclusivity lie at the heart of most peace negotiations between guerrilla groups and governments. Two cases in point are the peace talks engaged by the M-19 at the end of the 1980s and the ongoing negotiations between the FARC-EP and the government in Havana. How did these two processes address the need for inclusivity, both in the set up and in the content of the peace talks? What additional parallels can one draw between these two negotiation processes? Can lessons learned from the M-19 peace negotiations help to better understand the dynamics of the current peace talks? This report addresses these questions from the perspective of two ex-commanders of the M-19, Otty Patiño and Vera Grabe.

• Year2015
• Author(s)Otty Patiño Hormaza, Vera Grabe Loewenherz

This paper emphasises the contradiction that has emerged in Sudan and South Sudan since the two regions signed a Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) in 2005, ending their two decade long civil war. The CPA was a compromise between the risk of violent state disintegration on the one hand –should the war continue any longer, and allowing for a peaceful split on the other, should the two sides fail to agree on equitable terms for continued unity. In either case, the hope was for an end to violence through a mediated political settlement. Unfortunately, the settlement neither saved the unity of the country nor produced peace. Instead, the country broke into two and violence continued both between the two Sudans and within them.

• Year2015
• Author(s)Jok Madut Jok

This paper is a review of the Addis Ababa-based, IGAD-led peace process. It focuses on highlighting risks which may stand in the way of an inclusive settlement, including the competition for power, the question of ethnic divides that have fueled violence, the multiplicity of armed non-state actors; how to include them in a settlement without creating a gargantuan military that could bankrupt the country and remilitarise the situation. The paper concludes that careful security arrangements, power-sharing in a government of national unity, a commitment to a national constitution, institutional reforms and a programme of national cohesion, reconciliation and justice for all, are the central pillars of a settlement, without which any peace agreement would be a mere postponement of conflict.

• Year2015
• Author(s)Jok Madut Jok

This strategic framework was developed during the 7th annual Meeting on Negotiations entitled Broadening and Deepening Participation in Peace Negotiations held in Berlin, September 2015. It provides an overview of some of the most frequent challenges Resistance and Liberation Movements (RLMs) face with regard to inclusivity in negotiation processes and ways to address such challenges. While in no way exhaustive, we hope that our readers find this overview useful both for reflecting on and enhancing their own negotiation strategies.

• Year2015
• Author(s)Katrin Planta, Luxshi Vimalarajah

Das SIPRI Yearbook 2015 ist eine Zusammenstellung von Originaldaten aus den Bereichen globale Militärausgaben, internationale Rüstungstransfers, Rüstungsproduktion, Atomstreitkräfte, bewaffnete Konflikte und multilaterale Friedenseinsätze sowie von neuesten Analysen wichtiger Aspekte der Rüstungskontrolle, des Friedens und der internationalen Sicherheit.

Diese Broschüre fasst die Inhalte des SIPRI Yearbook 2015 zusammen.

• Year2015
• Author(s)Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), Friedrich Ebert Stiftung, Berghof Foundation

This annual report focuses on the topic of youth and features highlights of our work in 2014.

• Year2015

Die Plakatserie wurde speziell für die Bildungsarbeit entwickelt. Plakate und Bildkarten sind Hilfsmittel um die Dynamik von Konflikten verständlich zu machen und Anhaltspunkte für Möglichkeiten der konstruktiven Bearbeitung aufzuzeigen. Die Bilder sind symbolhafte Verdichtungen, die sowohl auf der individuellen, der gesellschaftlichen als auch auf der internationalen Ebene verstanden werden können. Die Bilderbox enthält die Plakate Streitkultur und Konfliktlösung.

• Year2015
• Author(s)Günther Gugel, Uli Jäger

Esta sistematización presenta los aprendizajes obtenidos en el proyecto piloto de la Gobernación de Antioquia (Colombia), acompañado por la Berghof Foundation y desarrollado con comunidades rurales fuertemente victimizadas por el conflicto armado interno. Planteó responder a la pregunta “Cómo pueden los departamentos, teniendo en cuenta experiencias previas y estrategias gubernamentales, impulsar procesos de construcción de paz en las comunidades rurales?” Las experiencias aquí expuestas están dirigidas a gobiernos locales y regionales, aliados, así como a entidades del orden nacional y otras organizaciones de construcción de paz, como aporte al diseño y ejecución de programas similares.

• Year2015
• Author(s)Isabel Cristina Correa Tamayo, Carlos Hernán Fernández Niño, Iván Marulanda Gómez

What are peace mediation and mediation support? What role can Germany play in this area? These questions were the focus of the 2014 Peace Mediation Conference, which brought together 200 policy-makers, staff from relevant ministries, Members of Parliament and representatives of organisations engaged in peace mediation. The aim was to increase Germany’s visibility and sharpen its profile as a conflict mediator in the foreign policy arena.

• Year2015

Twenty-two years after the signature of the Peace Accords, the Front has the greatest share of power in the country: first, as a legal and legitimate party that can aspire to each and every one of the popularly elected positions from which it is possible to carry out the expected changes; and secondly, as the governing party – after winning the presidential elections for a second time and having obtained several mayorships, as well as ample and at times majority presence in the Legislative Assembly.

• Year2015
• Author(s)Carlos Guillermo Ramos, Roberto Oswaldo López, Aída Carolina Quinteros